Análise cienciométrica sobre derramamentos de óleo no brasil antes e após o desastre que atingiu a costa nordestina em 2019

Abstract

Oil spill accidents represent serious impacts on coastal ecosystems, affecting biodiversity, ecosystem services, and associated socioeconomic activities. In Brazil, large-scale events, such as the Guanabara Bay spill in 2000 and the disaster that hit the Northeast coast in 2019, highlighted the vulnerability of these environments and the need for greater scientific production on the subject. In this context, the present work aimed to quantify and analyze the scientific production related to oil spills on the Brazilian coast, comparing the periods before and after the main accidents recorded in the country. For this purpose, a scientometric analysis was carried out using the “Scopus” database, searching for articles published between 2001 and 2009, to capture the scientific production after the first major accident, in the year 2000, and the period between 2010 and 2025 to capture the production related to the second disaster, which occurred in 2019. In the search, the keywords “oil spill”, “coast”, and “Brazil” were used. The search generated 124 articles, of which 105 were selected; the remainder were disregarded because they dealt with studies focusing on coastal regions of other countries and specific topics that were outside the scope of the theme, such as: focus on the characterization of affected species, riparian communities, and species flow on the coast. It was possible to verify that the years with the highest production were: 2021 (14 articles), 2022 (20 articles), 2023 (16 articles), 2024 (18 articles), and 2025 (15 articles). It is worth highlighting that in the first period analyzed, 2001 to 2009, the articles produced were in minimal quantities, with a significant increase detected after the accident in 2019, even though it is still considered a very low number, considering the large extent of the environmental impacts that it caused in the coastal ecosystems of the entire Northeast and part of the Southeast.