Análise da evolução da legislação acerca da disposição de rejeito em barragens a montante no Brasil

Abstract

The upstream tailings dam deposition technique is the most economical and oldest method in dam construction. Despite safe designs and continuous monitoring, the upstream raising technique has been associated with dam failures, evidencing gaps in knowledge regarding its complex engineering and behavior. From this perspective, the central objective of this research is to analyze how laws in the national scenario conceive the deposition of tailings in upstream dams, as well as their risks and technical aspects. It also aims to discuss the impacts that tailing dam depositions can have. To obtain results, a qualitative research approach with a descriptive objective will be applied as methodology, adopting a systematic literature review as the procedure. Furthermore, this research is considered of paramount relevance, given that the mining sector, in addition to generating economic effects, also reverberates in social and environmental fields, making laws indispensable for the regulation and proper handling of tailings in dams. It is expected that this work will highlight the issues involved in tailings deposition, elucidating the need for further studies to ensure the safety of dams or structures designed to contain this material.