Salinidade da atmosfera: partição ambiental, distribuição espaço temporal e influência da linha de costa (Fortaleza - CE)

Abstract

The growing urban and industrial development in the last decades, presents serious risks to the quality of human and environmental life. Urban and industrial centers, installed mainly in the coastal area due to the better conditions of cargo transportations and cost reduction, interact with coastal environmental conditions, such as atmospheric salinity originating, mainly from marine spray, atmospheric conditions, geographical caracteristics such as vegetations, relief and climate. These interactions act directly on the spatial distribuition and negative impacts that urban and industrial pollutants have on human and environmental health. The sea spray, sea aerosols originated from the breaking of waves and interations of the ocean atmosphere, is composed mainly of water, inorganic salts, minerals, organic compounds and trace metals, and interacts with atmospheric pollution, modifying the physicochemical conditions of the compounds, it can even neutralize the acidity of the water bodies i the atmosphere caused by the presence of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. Thus, the importance of knowing the composition and dynamics of marine spray in the atmosphere is weel known. It is found in the gaseous and particulate partition according to its physical-chemical characteristics, interactions and atmospheric conditions that promote the balance between the two partitions. In this work, we soungth to identify and qualify the concentrations of salts present in the atmosphere and to analyze the behavior os their temporal space distribution. Thus, the two sea spray partitions in Fortaleza/CE werw qualified and quantified by means of active (Hi-Vol) and passive (passive samplers) sampling at five sampling points distributed in the coastal and inland areas of the municipality considering seasonality. From the data acquisition, its temporal space distribuition in the samplig area was determined, and the influence of the coastline on the behavior of the marine spray was verified, in a addition to generating other results such as modeling the distribution and trajectory of the salts present in the partiulate partition.