“Quem chora por nós?”: uma análise das violências e assassinatos de pessoas LGBTI+ no Ceará

Abstract

This study investigates the social phenomenon of violence and murders against the LGBTI+ population in Brazil, using data from 2013 to 2024 through the GGB (Grupo Gay da Bahia) and from 2017 to 2024 through the ANTRA (National Association of Transvestites and Transsexuals), focusing on data produced on the state of Ceará. This data comes from the monitoring panel of the State Government for 2023 and 2024, and from the procedural diagnosis of the Ceará Public Defender's Office for 2020 and 2021. It is based on the understanding that this violence is not limited to the extreme event of death, but permeates the entire lives of LGBTI+ people, operating from childhood in the construction of stigmas (Goffman), through symbolic violence (Bourdieu), and affecting family, school, and institutional exclusion. To understand this process, the work mobilizes concepts of precarity (Butler), stigma (Goffman), biopower (Foucault), and necropolitics (Mbembe), which allow for the analysis of how certain lives are socially more exposed to violence, abandonment, and death, not lacking the right to mourn. The research articulates empirical data from civil society organizations and public entities, presenting as a result a portrait limited in time and space of this phenomenon. In this sense, the results showed how the institutional non-recognition of the LGBTI+ population functions as a device for the institutional erasure of LGBTphobia and LGBTicide, as well as contributing to lethargy and difficulties in investigations and justice processes. This demonstrates the urgent need for the recognition of the LGBTI+ population as a field of registration and data access to all civil records and public policies, as well as the recognition of the existence of these forms of violence and that they produce deaths. Furthermore, the research discusses the advances and limitations of state policies in the area of public safety and diversity in the state of Ceará, where the data reveal the erasure of specific identities at the national level, underreporting, and the absence of adequate records, compromising the understanding of the violent phenomenon of LGBTphobia and hindering the formulation of effective, data-driven public policies.