Uso de medicamentos em puérperas durante a amamentação e riscos ao recém-nascido em uma maternidade de referência no município de Fortaleza- CE

Abstract

Breast milk is considered the ideal food for the child because contains all the required components for healthy growth and development of the infant. Several factors can lead to early weaning, including the use of medications by the mother during breastfeeding. Thus, the objective was to investigate the relationship between possible adverse drug reactions in exclusively breastfed newborn infants from the rooming-in at a maternity whose mothers were using medications. A total of 120 infants were followed in exclusive breastfeeding through the analysis of the medical records based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection was done through a follow-up form, analyzed in Microsoft Office Excel 2015. The drugs were classified according to the risk category of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. 403 drugs were prescribed, obtaining an average of 3.4 per woman. The most commonly used pharmacological classes were antianemics (28.5%; n=115), antihypertensives (24.3%; n=98), analgesics (15.1%; n=61) and antiflatulents (14.1%; n=57). Of the drugs prescribed for nursing mothers, 70.5% (n=284) were compatible with breastfeeding, 14.4% (n=58) were of cautious use during breastfeeding and 15.1% (n=61) were not found in the literature consulted. Among the drugs prescribed, those involved in possible adverse reactions in infants were: propranolol, metronidazole, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, ampicillin, carbamazepine, quetiapine and clonazepam. Concerning the possible adverse reactions on infants due to the use of these drugs by the mother, drowsiness, hypoglycemia, cyanosis and diarrhea were observed. In view of this, it is necessary to adequately observe the adverse reactions to medications used by nursing mothers, since there is a shortage of data on the short- and long-term adverse effects and safety of the medicines used by the nursing mother in the infant, as well as disagreements in the literature regarding the use of the medicines by the mother.