Aplicação de acumulador criptográfico RSA na autenticação de semáforos inteligentes: uma solução para comunicação segura de sistemas de transporte inteligente

Abstract

This study proposes the development and validation of an authentication mechanism using RSA Cryptographic Accumulators, with the aim of generating concise proofs of ownership and optimizing communication between intelligent traffic lights (LSs) and traffic control centers (TCCs) in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The proposal arose from the analysis of the limitations or lack of effective authentication methods in the face of threats that jeopardize the cybersecurity of LS/TCC interactions. In parallel, an approach was sought that preserved the simplicity and computational efficiency in the operation of traffic lights, minimizing failures resulting from excessively complex systems. The method was tested in an urban environment, with Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS), focusing on the performance evaluation of the cryptographic authentication proposed in this work, seeking to provide resistance to attacks such as injection of falsified data and message replay. As a main contribution, this research aims to promote the application of RSA Cryptographic Accumulators in the context of ITS (Information and Communication Technologies), offering a lightweight and secure alternative for intelligent traffic light authentication, capable of preventing malicious actions that compromise road safety and urban traffic flow. Experimental results demonstrate that the implementation of an RSA Accumulator as an authentication mechanism for intelligent traffic lights meets security requirements (authenticity, integrity, and scalability), being compatible with LoRa communications, thus showing that this approach is viable and secure for operations on devices with computational limitations present in road traffic architecture.