Preservação da memória e revitalização urbana em Fortaleza: desafios jurídicos para conciliar tombamento e uso social nos espaços culturais protegidos

Abstract

This study investigates the legal challenges of reconciling the protection of cultural heritage with the social use of urban spaces in Fortaleza, Brazil. To achieve this objective, the research adopts a theoretical approach based on the concepts of the right to the city and collective memory, emphasizing the importance of urban space as a symbolic, identity-forming, and citizenship-building element. In this context, the study examines heritage listing as a legal instrument for preservation, considering its potential and limitations, with reference to federal, state, and municipal legislation, as well as the role of institutions such as the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN) and the cultural departments of the State of Ceará and the Municipality of Fortaleza. Moreover, to understand how these policies are implemented in practice, the study analyzes two emblematic cases: the São Pedro Building and the Estação das Artes Complex, whose trajectories reveal different challenges and preservation strategies. The analysis of these cases allows reflection on the effectiveness of protection and urban requalification measures, highlighting the relevance of collective memory for building fairer and more democratic cities.