Análise comparativa de gerenciadores de pacotes JavaScript: NPM, PNPM e Yarn

Abstract

With the increasing complexity in the development of modern JavaScript applications, the use of package managers has become essential to handle the installation, updating, and organization of dependencies. In this context, tools such as NPM, Yarn, and PNPM have emerged as widely adopted alternatives, each offering distinct approaches that directly impact developers’ workflows. This work aims to perform a comparative analysis of the NPM, PNPM, and Yarn package managers, evaluating their characteristics, strategies, and behavior regarding aspects such as performance, storage usage, security, and compatibility. For this purpose, a practical project with a high number of dependencies was developed, and a series of experiments were conducted on different operating systems, focusing on objective metrics and empirical observations. The proposed analysis seeks to provide a practical guide to help developers choose the tool that best suits the specific needs of their projects.