Avaliação da conformidade de portais governamentais com as diretrizes WCAG 2.1 e EMAG

Abstract

This work presents an analysis of digital accessibility in ten Brazilian government portals with high access frequency in March 2025 were selected, according to the Semrush platform, evaluating their compliance with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) and the Electronic Government Accessibility Model (eMAG). Initially, the study discusses the state of web accessibility, highlighting Brazilian legal requirements and the challenges faced by people with visual, auditory, motor, and cognitive disabilities when accessing online content. The methodology involved the use of three evaluation tools: Test de Accesibilidad Web (TAW), Avaliador e Simulador de Acessibilidade em Sítios (ASES) and a browser extension "Accessibility Checker", developed by the author. The results of the automated evaluation revealed that none of the ten analyzed portals are in full compliance with WCAG. The TAW tool indicated that only 1.83% of the 2338 success criteria analyzed had no errors, while about 22.63% showed problems. On the other hand, the evaluation with ASES showed an overall better performance, with an average score close to 90%, but highlighted the need for adjustments in some sections. The Accessibility Checker extension generated alarming reports, with an average score below seven, and indicated that almost half of the identified problems are of significant impact, mainly in button names, alternative text for images and color contrast. The study's conclusions and recommendations emphasize the urgency of inclusive and comprehensive measures to ensure that government resources are accessible to all, regardless of their physical, sensory, or cognitive abilities. The research points to the need for code restructuring in the portals and the implementation of robust accessibility policies.