Equações diferenciais aplicadas às biociências

Abstract

This work aims to investigate the use of differential equations as mathematical modeling tools applied to biological phenomena, focusing on the development of teaching proposals for high school. The justification lies in the need for more contextualized and meaningful mathematics teaching, in line with the guidelines of the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), which encourages the articulation of different areas of knowledge. The adopted methodology is based on an in-depth theoretical study of differential equations and their application in biosciences, as well as the pedagogical foundations of Mathematical Modeling. As a result, this study culminates in the development of an educational product composed of three detailed teaching sequences, addressing the topics of drug concentration, population growth, and the predator-prey system. These sequences use digital technologies such as Geogebra and spreadsheets to promote an investigative and visual approach. It is concluded that introducing topics in differential calculus in high school through modeling is a viable and productive approach that meets the BNCC's demands for interdisciplinary teaching. The methodology allows students to take an active role in constructing knowledge, developing essential skills in transforming data into models and critically analyzing the plausibility of results.