Análise dos efeitos das mudanças climáticas no gênero OCTOPUS (OCTOPODIDAE, CEPHALOPODA): uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

The impact of human activities on the oceans in recent decades has brought changes to their food webs, habitats, and biochemical processes, exacerbated each decade by climate change and events. These changes are the main environmental drivers that force ecosystems and species to exceed their limits, removing them from their stable states. Organisms will respond to changes according to their physiological and behavioral adaptations. In this context, some groups, such as octopuses, have certain advantages that may initially benefit them. The genus Octopus is the largest within the family Octopodidae, which itself is considered the largest family within Cephalopoda. These animals possess high environmental plasticity, short life cycles, high fertility rates, and most species have a wide range of tolerance to temperature and other factors. These characteristics have led these groups to be suggested as candidates for "winners" in climate change scenarios. However, the potential of these changes in cephalopods still requires further study. This work presented a review pointing out the effects that climate change has on the genus Octopus, within current knowledge, pointing to impacts on the fertility of females and males, reproductive performance of males, embryonic development, paralarval phase, growth rates and their geographic distribution, in addition to demonstrating that although some have initial advantages, these may not last as climate change scenarios increase in severity.