Análise dos impactos hidrometeóricos no bairro Jangurussu gerados em evento extremo

Abstract

Extreme events in climatology have increasingly become a key area of study, particularly regarding the frequency with which they occur. The impacts of these extreme events are not felt uniformly across the affected areas, as the territory is not homogeneous and is marked by unequal distributions of resources—an important factor when considering the population’s ability to respond to exposure to such extreme events. In this context, the present study aims to classify the intensity of rainfall events and analyze the hydrometeorological impacts caused by an extreme event that took place on February 24, 2019, in the Jangurussu neighborhood in the city of Fortaleza. The quartile methodology was employed in this study to classify the intensity of rainfall events with daily totals exceeding 20mm. Based on this classification of event intensities, it was possible to identify the dates on which extremely high-intensity extreme events occurred. For the impact analysis, journalistic archives were consulted, and field visits were conducted to gather reports and photographic records from the most affected areas in the neighborhood. The results indicate that the frequency of extreme events with high intensity has increased over the past 30 years, although only slightly. It also became evident that the population’s vulnerability to these impacts is the result of the interplay between inadequate housing conditions and deficiencies in essential services, which prevent the establishment of a more dignified standard of living for the residents of Jangurussu. The reality for the population in this neighborhood, and others in similar situations, is that they are forced to cope with the impacts of extreme rainfall events without the necessary socioeconomic resources to respond effectively and without significant losses.