Análise comparativa do uso de sapata corrida e bloco de concreto: um estudo de caso na cidade de Crateús-CE

Abstract

The choice of this topic stems from the importance of foundations in the overall performance of buildings, directly influencing their stability, durability, and safety. A well-designed foundation ensures adequate load transfer to the soil, reducing the risk of settlement and other structural problems. Beyond the technical aspect, the comparison between different foundation systems is also justified by the need to evaluate the economic impact of each solution, contributing to more efficient and rational decisions when choosing the construction method. The overall objective was to compare the geotechnical, structural, and cost performance of solid and block foundations for a medium-sized building in the city of Crateús, Ceará. The methodology involved sizing the foundations based on data obtained from SPT surveys. The plastic hinge method was used to estimate the loads acting on the masonry, and the strut method was used to size the reinforcement. Settlement was verified using the semi-empirical Terzaghi and Peck method, while cost estimates were based on SEINFRA-CE and SINAPI tables. The results demonstrated that both solutions met the technical safety and deformability criteria, presenting settlements significantly lower than the limits established by the standards. However, from an economic perspective, the continuous footing emerged as the most advantageous alternative, costing 89.86% less than the concrete block. It is concluded that, under the specific conditions of the building and soil analyzed, the continuous footing represents the most efficient solution, simultaneously meeting the established technical and economic requirements and fully achieving the study objectives.