Hibridização de usinas renováveis no Brasil: uma análise técnica, econômica e regulatória.

Abstract

The increasing integration of intermittent renewable sources into Brazil's electricity matrix has driven the search for solutions to ensure the reliability of the National Interconnected System (SIN). In this context, the hybridization of renewable power plants—particularly in configurations that combine photovoltaic solar and wind energy—emerges as a strategic alternative to optimize the use of diverse energy resources, enhancing generation stability and maximizing the use of existing infrastructure. This study analyzes the main technical, economic, and regulatory aspects of hybrid power plants in Brazil, with emphasis on the progress enabled by Normative Resolution No. 954/2021 of the Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL), operational challenges, and potential gains in efficiency and cost reduction. The assessment of economic feasibility is carried out using indicators such as the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and a representative case study. The results suggest that hybridization may serve as a strategic vector for Brazil’s energy transition, contributing to a more resilient, competitive, and sustainable electricity system.