Análise de uso e ocupação no entorno do estuário do rio Pacoti, Ceará

Abstract

From the perspective of the Anthropocene, the geological era that characterizes the present day, the relationship between humans and nature is marked by environmental imbalance and climate change. Under the lens of designating the process of land use and occupation to identify potential consequences and fragilities of disorderly occupation, it is perceptible that understanding the territorial management of the coastal space becomes essential for identifying the behavior of interactions between ocean and continent, in the face of environmental impacts caused by human actions in the coastal zone. The surroundings of the Pacoti River estuary, located within the limits of the cities of Fortaleza, Eusébio, and Aquiraz, have undergone intense occupations over time, mainly focused on the advancement of tourism and real estate speculation. This research has as its study area the Protected Areas near the Pacoti River estuary, namely: the Pacoti River Environmental Protection Area, the Sabiaguaba Environmental Protection Area, and the Sabiaguaba Dunes Municipal Natural Park. The methodology adopted consisted of the use of qualitative methods, such as geoprocessing techniques in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, using state, municipal, and federal databases to create maps, as well as exploratory and descriptive methods such as bibliographic, documentary surveys, and research in news portals relevant to the subject. In this way, the research points out that the process of land use and occupation in the coastal zone of Fortaleza occurred in an exacerbated manner at the beginning of the 1970s, with the construction of roads that connect the coastal environments of the eastern portion of the city with other neighborhoods and neighboring municipalities, such as Eusébio and Aquiraz, as a decisive factor. The analysis of environmental impacts and fragilities arising from the lack of landscape planning in the Conservation Units has clearly revealed problematic flaws in the public management of these coastal environments.