Avaliação da solubilidade de cimentos obturadores dos canais radiculares à base de silicato de cálcio

Abstract

In this study, it was evaluated the solubility of MTA Fillapex and iRoot SP sealers compared with AH Plus and MTA Sealapex, following n° 57 ANSI/ADA Specification. It were also carried out a chemical analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry and EDS-X, and morphological structure of the sealers were assessed by SEM. Ten samples of each sealer, 1.5 mm thick and 7.75 mm diameter, were made from Teflon molds. The specimens were weighed and immersed in 7.5 mL of distilled water for seven days. After this, they were removed from molds, dried and weighed. The solubility was obtained based on the mass loss, expressed as a percentage of original mass. Immersion liquids were subjected to spectrometry to detect the presence of Ca2+, K+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Na+ and Pb2+ ions. The sealers samples before and after the solubility test were analyzed in the external and internal surface by EDS-X and SEM. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Regarding the solubility (%), iRoot (20.64 ± 1.42) and MTA Fillapex (14.89 ± 0.73) had the highest mean values and were statistically different among themselves and from the other cements (p<0.05). The Sealapex achieved intermediate values (5.65 ± 0.80) (p<0.05). AH Plus and MTA were statistically different from the others, and in accordance with ANSI/ADA standards. iRoot SP, Fillapex MTA, MTA and Sealapex had higher release of Ca2+ ion, unlike AH Plus. SEM showed morphological changes after the solubility test and EDS-X identified the presence of Ca2+ on the surfaces of the tested sealers, being the lowest level in AH Plus. High levels of carbon were observed in all sealers, except for the MTA. It was concluded that the calcium silicate based sealers did not fulfill the requirements of n° 57 ANSI/ADA Specification in relation to solubility.