Uso da geoestatística na avaliação da distribuição de material particuladorespirávelna cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará

Abstract

In urban centers, the main anthropogenic pollution sources are derived from vehicular traffic and when present, from industrial activity. Such problems make urban air pollution one of the main degradation factors of the population's quality of life. Among the variables that influence the transportion and diffusion of pollutants, one of them is the weather conditions, where the occurrence of winds and rainfall can interfere with the time the pollutants stay in the atmosphere. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the distribution of the levels of respirable particulate matter (RPM) in the city of Fortaleza. The study area included nine locations geographically distributed by city. The map of RPM concentration was obtained from a geostatistical interpolation proposal called Ordinary Kriging (KO) worked on in a Geographic Information System (GIS). It was ratified that precipitation decreases the concentration of the pollutant, reducing the particulate residence time in the air and the buildings impair the action of the winds in the dispersion of the MPR.The maps produced warn of air quality in some locations of Fortaleza, which is justified by the intense vehicular flow, coupled with the effect of urban canyons in this region.