Os caminhos da territorialidade da etnia Pitaguary: o caso da aldeia de Monguba no município de Pacatuba no Ceará

Abstract

The aboriginal question has been relegated by the governments and the Brazilian state what makes them fight for the overcoming of the demands of the diverse etnias that inhabit the national territory. In Ceará, there are diverse peoples about whom we will make an analytical study of the Territorial, Identity and Cultural elements of Pitaguary Aboriginal Reserve of the Village of Monguba, situated in Pacatuba city, in the south of Ceará state. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the dynamic processes that occur in this study area. Inside of this perspective, we verify the forms of interventions in the space and the processes of territorial structure, trying to recognize the constructed territories and the territorialities motivated for the partnercultural actions, identifying the conflicts that had generated an ethnic descharacterization in the past and has been making some individuals be confused about their aboriginal ethnic affirmation in Pitaguary Reserve. We made use of bibliographical research related to aboriginal subject matters in Brazil and specifically in Ceará, the concepts of territory, identity and culture, beyond documents about the community area, trying to understand how it has resisting the slowness of the Brazilian bureaucratic system in demarcating its lands and preventing conflicts with possible one who holds legal titles to property and squatters. During this field study some questionnaires and interviews were made in the community to perceive how the social relations are. During this work, we perceived the conflicts for the land, and the retaken of ones, under domain of one who holds legal titles to property, and the low quality of life of the Aboriginal Community of the Village of Monguba that has 107 families, about 388 inhabitants, according to the National Foundation of Health - FUNASA. One expects that with this work the governments initiate a process of valuation of the culture of the country and especially of the culture that was the base of our Brazilian social formation, the aboriginal.