Vulnerabilidades em protocolos de aplicação para dispositivos IoT

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) connects physical devices, allowing them to collect and exchange data. With the rapid growth in the number of these devices, security challenges arise due to vulnerabilities in communication protocols. This paper analyzes the vulnerabilities of the MQTT, CoAP and AMQP protocols, highlighting their limitations in terms of encryption, authentication and resilience to cyber attacks. A literature review was conducted with articles published between 2020 and 2024 to identify common threats and mitigation strategies. The findings reveal that while MQTT and CoAP are lightweight and efficient, they lack inherent security mechanisms, while AMQP offers better security but requires the use of more computational resources. This research highlights the need for improved security frameworks in IoT communication.