Evaluation of leaf properties for the mitigation of non-exhaust emissions from transportation through green corridors

Abstract

In the ongoing battle against air pollution, tackling atmospheric particulate matter (PM) remains a pivotal challenge. One promising strategy is the establishment of green corridors, offering potential improvements in urban air quality, especially around road infrastructure. A fundamental aspect of this endeavor is understanding how plants effectively capture PM, which is essential for selecting the most appropriate species. Previous studies have delved into quantifying leaf roughness and micromorphological traits without establishing a direct correlation with PM adherence. This research employs several approaches: (1) MountainsMap leaf 3D surface analysis to identify key performance indicators (KPIs) in green corridor planning, (2) exploring the relationship between surface characterization and pollutant retention from transportation infrastructure, and (3) assessing real-scale applications based on laboratory findings. Quantitative analysis highlights Core Void Volume (Vvc) and Core Material Volume (Vmc) as significant parameters, with a high correlation between them. Qualitative observations underscore Cupressus leylandii and Vanhouttei de spirala as effective retainers of non-exhaust transportation particles. When correlating these findings with data collected on-site behind green barriers at different distances, notably, while most species showed similar particle retention correlation patterns, Euonymus Europaeus exhibited a singular difference in pollutant capture within its foliage. Incorporating multiple plant species in green barriers is advocated for their diverse leaf micromorphologies, enhancing the range of mechanisms for particulate matter capture.