Do progresso da Thomaz Pompeu Têxtil ao novo Beco da Poeira

Abstract

The Thomaz Pompeu Textile Factory marked the initial phase of the period of the pioneers of industrialization in Ceará. Founded at the end of the nineteenth century in 1881, in the Historic Center of Fortaleza, by the brothers Thomaz Pompeu de Souza Brasil, Antônio Pompeu de Souza Brasil and the partner Nogueira Accioly, being the first textile factory in the State of Ceará. Soon the pioneer phase of Ceará's industrialization will begin and will operate for more than 100 years in the center of Fortaleza. However, the century-old factory ceased its activities in 1985, functioning as a bankruptcy estate. Its refunctionalization takes place in 2009, through policies of reorganization of the urban space, the Municipality of Fortaleza, together with the Government of the State of Ceará, relocated the stallholders of Beco da Poeira to the old space of the Thomaz Pompeu Factory, starting to operate in 2010 and changing the space of commerce of the lower circuit of the economy Santos (1979) and thus giving birth to the Small Business Center of Fortaleza (CPNF). also called New Dust Alley. As a guiding question, it seeks to understand the reflections of the metamorphosis of Thomaz Pompeu Têxtil in Novo Beco da Poeira to the lower circuit of the urban economy in Fortaleza General objective: To understand how the process of refunctionalization of Thomaz Pompeu Têxtil in Novo Beco da Poeira took place. As specific objectives: to investigate how cotton contributed to the investments in the industrialization of Ceará and the contributions of the industry in particular to the industrial development of Ceará; analyze the occurrence of the factory bankruptcy process and the importance of the new Beco da Poeira in the process of requalification of the City Center and, finally, understand the participation of the commerce of Beco da Poeira in the process of expansion of the lower circuit of the economy of Fortaleza. This research is characterized by being qualitative-quantitative, exploratory, of the case study type. The research was carried out considering the following stages: a) bibliographic and documentary survey; b) elaboration of thematic newspaper library; c) collection of statistical data; d) preparation of maps; f) fieldwork; and, g) interviews and application of questionnaires. As a theoretical basis, we highlight: Santos (1979), Aragon (1989); Silveira (2004), Costa (2009), Araújo (2011), Dantas (2012), (2014) Bezerra da Silva (2013); Santos (2014) and Muniz (2014). It is concluded that the city of Fortaleza presents an intense and dynamic lower circuit of the urban economy, such as the one developed in the city center by the CPNF, being this circuit of the Miltonian theory, a "survival space" for people in a state of unemployment and a place of consumption for the low-income population, with the Novo Beco da Poeira a space of commerce that refunctionalizes an old space of production that brings a new dynamic to the lower circuit in the center of Fortaleza.