Polissacarídeos extraídos da microalga Arthrospira platensis na congelação de sêmen de Prochilodus brevis (Actinopterygii)

Abstract

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing animal production sectors in Brazil and the world, with emphasis on continental fish farming, due to biotechnological advances linked to the reproduction of native species. Among them, seminal preservation cryopreservation is a technique that enables genetic exchange and species preservation. However, the use of this methodology can increase the production of reactive oxygen species and reduce the natural antioxidants in semen due to the dilution of the natural medium in an artificial medium. Alternatively, they propose the addition of sulfated polysaccharides (PS) to the diluent medium, as they have several biological properties and are recognized for their beneficial functions, including antioxidant activity. This work aims to evaluate the performance of using sulfated polysaccharides from the microalgae Arthrospira platensis in different concentrations added to the Prochilodus brevis semen freezing medium. The treatments were diluted in a 1:4 ratio (semen: extender), frozen in a 5% glucose solution with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and different concentrations of sulfated polysaccharides (PS) extracted from A. platensis were added, being T1 (zero control without addition of polysaccharide), T2 (1.0 mg.mL-1 ), T3 (2.0 mg.mL-1 ) and T4 (3.0 mg.mL-1 ). The results were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), follo The total motility of the treatments presented statistically equal means, with an overall average of 24.3 ± 0.59%. In curvilinear speed (VCL), straight line speed (VSL) and average travel speed (VAP) there was no statistical difference between treatments. Regarding morphology, the results were also similar, but with a low percentage of normal sperm, ranging from 8.04 to 10.42% of sperm normality. In the DNA integrity parameter, there were no differences between treatments (T3 -84.53±6.98%; T2 - 79.92±2.78%; T1 - 79.60±5.21% and T4 - 78.93 ±4.2%). To assess plasma membrane integrity, mean T3 (77.03 ± 7.66%) and T1 (75.83 ± 5.93%) values were higher than T2 (60.23 ± 5.62%) and T4 (60.27 ± 7.16%). For fertilization rate, T4 treatment (34.99 ± 2.82%) was superior to T1 (29.50 ± 7.70%) and T2 (13.72 ± 0.54%) (P>0.05) . Therefore, treatments containing sulfated polysaccharides were successful in preserving semen, with T4 being the most recommended.wed by the Tukey test for paired comparison of means, adopting a significance level of 5%.