Estudo sobre empregabilidade de egressos do ensino superior: avaliação de uma universidade pública estadual.

Abstract

The concept of employability implies that all professionals, who want to remain in the labor market, need to review their professional skills, admitting that they must be workers with multiple skills. Thus, they need to be prepared for the job market and, also, for a new profile of society, where jobs are increasingly funneling and are doomed to extinction, and, at the same time, they are increasingly competitive. Higher Education Institutions need to evaluate the training of their graduates in order to create improvements in the quality of teaching and in the dynamics of their courses. The general objective of this research was to analyze the employability level of graduates from a State Institution of Higher Education, UNEMAT, Alta Floresta campus. It presented as theoretical basis conceptual aspects about employability as well as the main factors that support employability, its relationship with higher education and self-assessment. As for the methodology, it is an empirical and descriptive research. The study is characterized as a survey type, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The sample is non-probabilistic, formed by 92 respondents from the population of 349 graduates from the period 2017 to 2019 of the undergraduate courses in Agronomy, Forest Engineering, Biological Sciences and Law at UNEMAT - Alta Floresta campus. The data collection instrument is an online questionnaire consisting of 22 (twenty-two) closed question and 1 (one) open question. The results showed that a large proportion of graduates were inserted in the labor market (the employability rate reached 66.3%) and had an increase in their monthly incomes after graduation. In addition to that, they provided information on the quality of the training received, with the issues of management, curriculum, classrooms, laboratories and library being satisfactorily evaluated. As a way of presenting proposals to increase the employability of graduates, it is presented as suggestions for improvements to the courses cited by the graduates themselves, the increase in practical classes, greater interaction / partnerships with companies in the area to ease internship and employability, construction of more classrooms / laboratories and the improvement of teaching didactics for a better understanding of the content. It is also noteworthy that the monitoring of graduates is necessary to carry out self-assessment in order to allow the student to benefit from an updated course, and within the requirements of the labor market. For this, it is suggested the creation of an Employability Center responsible for integrating the academic, the higher education institution, the company and society. Thus, the result of this research is extremely important, bringing relevant information to management, helping to identify problems and building improvements for UNEMAT's academic training.