Análise clínica e econômica das recomendações farmacêuticas em unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Intensive care is a highly critical sector within hospital units, which has as its main feature the complexity of the treatments provided to patients. The optimization of drug use and the development of pharmacotherapeutic follow-ups increase the quality of care, safety, and also reduce costs, rationalizing the services provided. In this sense, this research aimed to analyze the clinical and economic impacts of pharmaceutical recommendations made in units. intensive care unit of a university hospital in the state of Ceará. The descriptive retrospective study involved patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in 2016 and 2017, who had their pharmacotherapeutic follow-ups documented in a specific instrument, enabling the clinical analysis of pharmaceutical recommendations. Data collection took place from January to June 2019. In turn, for the economic evaluation of the pharmaceutical recommendations, the values of drug acquisition by the institution were analyzed through consultation with its own system. Pharmaceutical recommendations were analyzed and classified into Increased Effectiveness, Directly Reduced Costs with Drug Use, and Avoided Costs, when it was possible to identify that an adverse event was prevented. Data were entered into the Excel spreadsheet and analyzed by simple statistics. 1,492 recommendations were identified and analyzed, with 1,456 accepted. In 2016, 525 RF were evaluated, 298 of which being increased efficiency, 152 reduced costs and 75 avoided costs. In 2017, 931 RF were analyzed, with 539 increasing efficiency, 288 reduced costs and 113 avoided costs. Total costs due to reduced costs were R $ 67,922.14 and avoided costs were R $ 266,839.26 reais, resulting in an estimated final value of R $ 334,761.40. It is concluded that the clinical and financial impact through intensive care pharmaceutical services are relevant and related to the increased safety and cost reduction of pharmacotherapy of critically ill patients.