Produção de lavouras selecionadas de sequeiro nas regiões climáticas definidas para o Estado do Maranhão, Brasil

Abstract

The objectives of the research were: a) to classify rainfall in Maranhão between 1901 to 2020 into periods: Scarce; Normal and Rainy; b) to gauge the per capita production of rainfed crops in these three periods; c) to assess whether the climatic regions created for the state show differences in their respective rainfall and air temperature averages, considering the rainfall and temperature series observed between the years 1901 to 2020; d) Evaluate the instability of rainfall and annual air temperatures in Maranhão between 1901 to 2020, broken down into the 10 climatic sub-regions into which the state was divided; e) Evaluate the aggregate behavior of rainfed crops in these different regions. The data was collected from NOAA (2022), the Statistical Yearbooks and the IBGE's Municipal Agricultural Surveys (PAM). Dummy variables were used to test whether the ten climatic regions had different averages of rainfall and annual temperatures. In order to assess the suitability of the rice, beans, cassava and corn crops for the regions created, the factor analysis method was used to aggregate the harvested areas, yields, prices and rainfall in the 217 municipalities in the state of Maranhão. The results showed that Maranhão has ten regions with rainfall regimes whose annual averages differ from one another. It is also clear that the same does not apply to the annual temperature averages, where there are only nine regions. It was observed that aggregate agricultural production is concentrated in five climatic regions.