Incorporação de cinzas têxteis provenientes de fornos cerâmicos como camadas de sub-base de pavimentos

Abstract

The road infrastructure consumes a large volume of raw material, and with this, materials that meet the performance standards are not always available in the vicinity of the works. In this way, it can lead to a divergence between supply and demand, making it essential to carry out technical, economic and environmental feasibility studies of new raw materials. With this, the verification of the existence of alternative materials that can meet the great demand generated in the manufacture of pavements is of paramount importance. Therefore, a research was carried out on the incorporation of textile ash for paving purposes, with the objective of analyzing the viability of these ash as sub-base layers. To this end, a bibliographic review of the application of industrial ash in pavements was elaborated, as well as the characterization of a local soil and textile ash. This soil was collected from a back road, and the textile ash came from the burning of net fabrics in furnaces of a red ceramic factory. The acquisition of both materials took place in the city of Russas, located in the state of Ceará. From the soil and ash, three different mixtures were made, called M30, M50 and M70, which relate, respectively, to the contents of 30%, 50% and 70% of the ash added to the soil, allowing the analysis of the mechanical behavior of textile ash, from the compaction tests and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). In addition to these tests, the physical characterization of the local soil, textile ash and mixtures was also carried out, by means of tests of hygroscopic moisture, Atterberg limits, particle size by sedimentation and real density. With the exception of the mixtures, the chemical characterization was performed from X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and organic matter. A research was then carried out with both a qualitative and quantitative approach. In view of this, it was found that the addition of textile ash to the local soil increased its support capacity, with the proportion with 50% ash being the most viable for application as a sub-base layer, following the criteria established by DNIT (2006). With this, it is said that a material without commercial purpose such as textile ash can have a destination that aims at road infrastructure. In addition, the use of this ash with the application in layers of pavements, until then without studies recorded in the literature, brings the incentive to the reuse of industrial waste, the strengthening of the circular economy, and the reduction of the areas occupied by fabrics in sanitary landfills.