Análise da influência dos parâmetros de impressão 3D nas propriedades mecânicas do PETG utilizando métado de taguchi

Abstract

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a revolutionary technology that has transformed the way three-dimensional objects are produced. In this context, the study of 3D printing parameters and the optimization of mechanical properties are of utmost importance to harness the full potential of this technology. Among the materials used in 3D printing, Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) has stood out due to its unique properties such as mechanical strength, durability, and biodegradability. However, it is necessary to understand the influence of 3D printing parameters on PETG to maximize its desired properties. In this context, the main objective of this work was to analyze how the parameters of fill density, fill pattern, layer height, and print orientation affect the properties of tensile strength, elongation at break, printing time, and mass of 3D-printed PETG, as well as to define the combination of control factor levels that maximize these properties. To achieve this objective, the Taguchi Method was used, widely recommended for studies involving multiple factors and a large number of combinations to be evaluated. The results obtained highlighted that the fill density was the most influential factor in the tensile strength limit, printing time, and mass of the samples. Increases in fill density resulted in higher strength, but with longer printing time and greater mass of the parts. The fill pattern also had a significant impact, with the "lines" pattern being the most effective in increasing elongation at break and improving material strength. Furthermore, layer height influenced the printing time and mass of the samples, with greater heights resulting in higher mass but reduced printing time. As for print orientation, it was less influential, except for elongation at break, where the -45° and 45° orientations were the most suitable. For the tensile strength limit, the perpendicular 90° orientation was considered the most suitable. Thus, the results obtained reinforce the need to consider 3D printing parameters for PETG to optimize its desired mechanical properties. Understanding the influence of these parameters will enable the manufacturing of 3D-printed parts with better performance and quality. These findings contribute significantly to the advancement of 3D printing and its use in various industrial and technological applications.