Tecnologias de realidade virtual no cuidado de pessoas idosas com Diabetes Mellitus: revisão sistemática

Abstract

The aging process causes a natural decline in the physiological functions of the elderly person. In addition, there is a considerable increase in Diabetes Mellitus (DM)that affects people from 60 years of age, which can be considered a public health problem. The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of virtual reality technologies in the care of the elderly with DM. This is a systematic review that followed the guidelines of the "Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review of Interventions", in addition to the observation of the control list and tables of the PRISMA protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis). To ensure the originality of the systematic review and propagate the study,the review was filed in the PROSPERO (Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) database with ID: CRD42023388761.For the elaboration of the guiding question, the PICO strategy was used, defined as follows: Are virtual reality technologies effective in the care of elderly people with DM? The databases Embase,LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences), SCOPUS, Web of Science and Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) via Pubmed were used. The controlled descriptors MeSH and DeCS were applied: Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Virtual Reality and Efficacy. Articles from experimental studies that test the efficacy of the use of VR in the care of elderly with DM, without restriction of year and language, were included. The exclusion criteria were: duplicate studies, not available in full or that could not be acquired with the author, and that did not answer the research question. To assess the risk of bias in the studies, the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 was applied. The profile of the studies and their characteristics were indicated in tables. The main outcomes cited by the authors were: better adherence to treatment, improved functional capacity, core balance and gait, improved glycemic control and use of VR to assess the severity of diabetic neuropathy. Thus, it was observed that studieshave shown numerous benefits of VR in the care of elderly people with DM.