Estudo dos impactos da penetração da geração distribuída fotovoltaica de uma rede de distribuição utilizando o software OpenDSS

Abstract

Photovoltaic generation has seen great growth in its technology, both in efficiency and longevity. The projection of its adoption has been growing, in the world and in Brazil. However, this growth needs to be accommodated by the Brazilian grid, which is why this study focuses on the impacts of the growth in distributed generation (DG) penetration. Using the Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS) software, a network equivalent to a large urban center was simulated, with more than 4800 bars. Studying the impacts generated by DG is an important field of study to propose adaptations to the Brazilian network. With the increase in the penetration of DGs in the network, an improvement in the voltage profile, a decrease in technical losses and a considerable increase in the short-circuit current can be observed. The continuous rise of distributed generation units can cause phenomena to the non-adapted network, such as the presence of reverse flow, the almost exclusive generation of reactive by the source and an increase in the short-circuit current. Finally, it can be concluded that to avoid early obsolescence, network upgrade and expansion projects must take into account the future penetration of DGs in the grid.