Situação nutricional de ferro em crianças de seis a sessenta meses na perspectiva do modelo campo de saúde

Abstract

lt’s a transversal study of population, which goal was to identify toe nutritional situation of iron and factors associated to its occurrence. The population of toe study was represented by six to sixty months children, resident in São Pedro Village in Maranhão registered in toe cadastre of toe Program Health of the Family, including itself in the study 371 children, representing 97.6% of the total. It was used theoretician referential for the study of the risk factors the Health Field Concept that based the construction of the instrument of research for the collection of data, distributing itself the variable in the four elements of toe model (Environment, Human Biology, Lifestyle and Health Care Organization). Beyond the interview with the children’s parents, samples of blood, material for excrement examination and anthropometrics data had been collected. The data had been computed and analyzed for the programs Epi-lnfo and Statistica. The levei of significance was of 5% and to determine the effect of each variable it was calculated the relative risk and %2. Odds ratio was calculated to identify the association of the variable with the iron- deprive anemia. The children had been considered carrying iron-deficiency anemia who had presented hemoglobin < 11 g/dl and ferritin < 12,0 pg/ml and deficient of iron those with hemoglobin > 12,0 g/dl and ferritin < 12,0 pg/ml. The prevalence of nutritional problems for iron deficiency was raised to 35.6%, being 24.0% of cases of iron-deprive anemia and 11.6% iron deficiency. The children between six and 23 months had been reached with 57,8%. The association of the anemia was significant for the age of toe child (Element Human Biology), frequency of the infantile diet (Element Lifestyle), number of rooms of the house (Environment) and intestinal parasitism (Human Biology). With these results, it is proven the necessity of the nurse to plan, to program and to execute assistance activities of health and education, subordinated to the environment, biological necessities and style of life. The boarding must have as objective the prevention and promotion of the health that reach the cure actions and a consistent and continuous educative model for the care to the carrying child of nutritional lack of iron.