Avaliação da situação dos planos municipais de saneamento básico do Estado do Ceará

Abstract

The accelerated urban growth associated with the lack of infrastructure in the municipalities to attend to the new demands results in a series of public, economic, social, and environmental problems, as is the case of basic sanitation, which is intrinsically related to the health and quality of life of the population. Within this context, Law No. 11.445/2007, among other aspects, defines the obligation to prepare a Municipal Sanitation Plan (MSP), characterized as an important planning and management tool for the sector in the municipal sphere. Thus, the present work seeks to build an overview of the MSPs in the state of Ceará. For this, the methodology used started by collecting data regarding the existence and status of the plans, through access to information resulting from a survey conducted in 2020, during the preparation of the Pact for Basic Sanitation in the state, followed by the search for documents and complementation of information on the websites of different state agencies that offer technical and institutional support for the preparation of the plans, in addition to access to Ordinance No. 182/2018, of the Ministry of Health, and contact with the Municipal Secretariats and related environmental agencies. From the data obtained, among the 184 municipalities of Ceará, 97 (52.72%) have Plans, 35 (19.02%) do not have MSP, 20 (10.87%) are with their instruments in preparation and no information was obtained from 32 (17.39%) municipalities. After the general characterization of the accessed documents, 4 (four) plans were selected to perform a more detailed analysis, assigning scores for 10 (ten) Quality Indicators (QIs) proposed. Due to the large volume of information, the evaluation carried out considered only the water supply and sanitation components present in the plans. With the application of the methodology, it was observed that, in general, all of them cover the minimum content required by the Law of National Guidelines for Basic Sanitation, despite the need for readjustment of some indicators evaluated. Finally, a dashboard was built, using the Power BI software, composed of an interactive map that indicates the status of the MSPs, besides showing some information associated with the sanitation situation in each municipality in Ceará, allowing the presentation and access to the content in a simpler and clearer way.