Economia e crime no Brasil: o perfil dos principais determinantes da criminalidade para o estado do Ceará

Abstract

One of the most challenging and instigating theme of the cearense's society today is related to the crime. This pathology, in recent years, due to its growth, is generating social, political and economical costs for this State. With this, it is observed that, in the academic area of Economic Science, several remnants studies of the original research about crime by Gary Stanley Becker (1968) have shown that the main propellant of criminal behavior is the low cost of opportunity to commit this practice. In that context, this study shows quite briefly that the variables of deterrence of crime (police action and justice and socio-economic factors of crime) at the state of Ceará have provided environments that are little expensive for individual choice to commit crimes. Strategic points dictated by several Brazilian studies of the Crime Economics are encouraging the crime, such as: police structure, urbanization, income, education's level and unemployment. The examination found lack of effective and techniques' disparities between the Military Police and Civil Police; there were problems of housing and infrastructure in the cearense's main urban center; disparity of income associated with the second worst average income in Brazil; low education's level, high level of jobs at informality; exclusionary work market for young cearenses. Facing this, this work is concluded that, being the criminal person a rational "homo economicus", which examines the costs and the benefits before committing the crime, it is necessary, for the state of Ceará, to work these variables that are promoting the effective choice for crime