Avaliação do modelo de gestão consorciada de resíduos sólidos no Ceará, à luz da experiência catarinense

Abstract

Eleven (11) years after the enactment of the law that instituted the National Policy on Solid Waste - PNRS, the environmentally appropriate disposal of waste remains an unachieved goal in about 3,000 Brazilian municipalities. Intermunicipal public consortia are shown to be an effective tool to enable the integrated management of solid waste in the states, but the implementation of this instrument for the execution of public policies has been slow in Northeast Brazil and the waste management indexes for this region show was lower than expected, unlike the scenario observed in the South, Southeast and Midwest regions. Therefore, the main objective of this work is the comparative analysis between two consortia from Ceará and a reference consortium, located in the southern region of the country, specifically in Santa Catarina-SC, which was based on operating instruments, financial sustainability measures and governance models of selected consortia. In the methodological approach, the present study has as steps the bibliographic and documentary research, presenting a case study as a technique for data collection, through technical visits to consortia from Ceará, with the application of questionnaires aimed at the managers of these consortia. The two methods used were content analysis, according to Bardin's perspective, for the documentary study and SWOT matrix, for analysis of the functioning of the studied institutions. With the comparative analysis, it was possible to observe points of divergence between the consortia, with regard to the staff of employees, charging for services, selective collection, partnerships signed and obtaining federal resources. However, there were some points of convergence, such as possible interference by political interests and lack of public-private partnership. The product of this scientific study is configured as an aid tool for the search for reformulation and better development of public consortia of solid waste from Ceará, in this perspective, some proposals aimed at consortia and consortium municipalities were listed at the end of the work.