Avaliação do fenótipo craniofacial e perfil de erupção dentária em crianças com a síndrome congênita do Zika Vírus

Abstract

This thesis has its objectives divided into two chapters. Chapter 1 aimed to evaluate the craniofacial phenotype of children with congenital Zika virus syndrome (SZC) in comparison with clinically healthy children through face photoanthropometry. Sixty-three children with SZC (9.70 ± 3.2 months old) and 31 healthy controls (8.67 ± 6.2 months old) participated in the study. Student's t, Pearson and ROC curve statistical tests were used, considering p<0.05 and the Statistical Packcage for the Social Sciences (SPSS®) software. Seven of the 15 indices differed between groups: mean facial height/horizontal facial landmark (p = 0.0003), interalar distance/horizontal facial landmark (p = 0.0027), nasal root depth/mean facial height (p = 0.0030), posterior nasal length/mean facial height (p = 0.0002), vertical ear position/mean facial height (p <0.0001), ear length/mean facial height (p = 0.0005) , chin height/total facial height ( p<.0001) which showed a high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of SZC. Thus, we can conclude that the increase in the chin height index of children with SZC provided a potentially accurate diagnosis for the syndrome. In addition, they have wide and short faces, reduced intercanthal distance, short posterior nasal length, prominent nasal root, wide nasal wings and tall and long ears. Chapter 2 aimed to evaluate the chronology and sequence of eruption of patients affected with SZC, verifying the influence of the systemic condition of the syndrome with the eruptive process. The eruption profile of 58 children diagnosed with SZC was evaluated over a period of 26 months. The t-student and Pearson statistical tests were used, considering p<0.05 and the Statistical Packcage for the Social Sciences (SPSS®) software. The eruption of the first deciduous tooth was 15.9 ± 6.3 months after birth and the eruption time required to complete the first dentition of these children was 17.2 months, with no difference between genders. Congenital contractures increase the age of eruption of lower lateral incisors (p=0.001). Head circumference at birth was negatively correlated with upper first molar eruption (p = 0.036). The eruption sequence started with the central incisor, lateral incisor, first molar, canine and ending with the second molar. It is concluded that children with SZC need approximately twice the time for eruption of the first tooth, but preservation of the eruption sequence when compared with studies of healthy children described in the literature. This finding can be altered by the length of the cranial perimeter at birth and by the presence of congenital contractures. In view of this, knowledge of the craniofacial phenotype and tooth eruption profile of children with SZC is of paramount importance for the elaboration of preventive, interceptive and/or corrective measures necessary to guarantee the morphofunctional integrity of the affected patients, thus promoting an improvement in the quality of care. these children's lives.