Análise comparativa das métricas de disponibilidade temporal e desempenho energético em turbinas eólicas localizadas no Brasil

Abstract

As a result of the great Industrial Revolutions, especially the Technical-Scientific-Informational Revolution, the need for electricity grew suddenly, as countless technological devices were created with the aim of facilitating the activities developed by humanity. In view of this, the first energy source used was provided from fossil sources, however, due to the impacts on the environment and on societies, the world energy scenario presented several changes from the investment in renewable sources, one of which is wind. Despite the diffusion of energy generation through wind turbines, an important factor has been an obstacle for investing companies, energy losses due to high temporal unavailability or low energy performance. The present study aimed to calculate both metrics separately, based on the calculation methodologies of the IEC 61400-12-1 and IEC 61400-26-1 standards, and the energy lost by them, as well as the comparison between these metrics in Brazilian turbines . Based on the investigation carried out, it was seen that both events can significantly affect the generation of wind turbines. With regard to events of high temporal unavailability, it was observed that a turbine inoperative for 32.73% of a month can present an amount of lost energy corresponding to 46.38% of generation. In addition, referring to low energy performance events, it was evaluated that an adherence to the power curve of 77.88% can lead to energy loss related to 28.9% of the generation of the analyzed period. Thus, the importance of monitoring both metrics was noted, in order to guarantee the full functioning of the wind complexes.