Construção da linha de base dos municípios atingidos pela integração de bacias do rio São Francisco e Eixão das Águas, no estado do Ceará e suas implicações na transmissão da esquistossomose mansônica

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma. It is a worldwide endemic disease, occurring in 74 countries and territories, mainly in South America, the Caribbean, Africa and Eastern Mediterranean, where it reaches the regions of the Nile Delta, along with countries like Egypt and Sudan Among the most widespread parasitic infections in human world, schistosomiasis ranks second (second only to malaria), constituting, in Brazil, one of its most serious public health problems. The transmission of Schistosoma mansoni depends on the inter-relationship between the ecosystem, people and their social conditions. Large engineering projects that cause environmental changes often create good conditions for the emergence of risk factors for introduction and spread of diseases in the affected communities. The objective of this study was to build a baseline of the municipalities affected by two major projects of water infrastructure: The integration of the São Francisco River Basin within the limits of the state of Ceara and Eixão Waters of Ceará, and the implications on the transmission Schistosomiasis mansoni. The municipalities in the Area of Direct Influence of the projects involved were: Alto Santo, Baixio, Barro, Brejo Santo, Cascavel, Caucaia, Chorozinho, Horizonte, Icó, Itaitinga, Jaguaribara, Jaguaribe, Jati, Lavras da Mangabeira, Maracanaú, Mauriti, Missão Velha, Morada Nova, Ocara, Pacajus, Pacatuba, Pena Forte, Russas, São Gonçalo do Amarante e Umari. Indicators were used socio-demographic, socioeconomic, educational, and environmental health. The socio-demographic and socioeconomic analysis revealed that the municipalities close to the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza were the best indicators. The intermediate host Biomphalaria straminea is widespread in all 25 municipalities of which 6 were cases of schistosomiasis in the period 2001 to 2006.Only eight counties are handled by the State Program for the Control of Schistosomiasis with prevalence ranging from 0.1 to 0.8% with the town of Maracanaú presenting the highest prevalence (0.8%). Five municipalities ADI (area of direct influence) had died of schistosomiasis in the period 2001 to 2009, these three are not operated by the State Program for the Control of Schistosomiasis. The production potential spaces for the transmission of schistosomiasis in the ADI following the implementation of these projects watershed transposition needs to be measured.