Crenças e atitudes acerca do uso da CIF por fisioterapeutas da área esportiva e traumato-ortopédica na abordagem de praticantes de CrossFit®: resultados preliminares

Abstract

CrossFit® is an exercise program that has a high prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries and not receiving regular physical therapy care has been shown to be associated with injury in practitioners of this program. One of the tools that physiotherapists can use to approach CrossFit® practitioners is the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), as it provides an adequate system for describing health care. OBJECTIVE: to develop an instrument, use the Delphi method with specialists to validate the questionnaire. To identify beliefs and attitudes about the use of the ICF by physiotherapists in the sports and trauma-orthopedic areas in the assessment and treatment of CrossFit® practitioners. METHOD: This is an umbrella project, containing two stages: a Delphi study and a cross-sectional study. The sample for the Delphi method consisted of physiotherapists specialized in sports, orthopedic trauma or the ICF to obtain consensus on the structure and content of the questionnaire, and for the cross-sectional method, Brazilian physiotherapists to identify attitudes and beliefs. Data from the Delphi method were collected via an online form to quantify the percentage of experts who agreed on the clarity and readability of the questions in the questionnaire developed for the cross-sectional method. To assess the attitudes, beliefs and level of knowledge of physiotherapists regarding the use of the ICF, the instrument evaluated by the experts was used. RESULT: for the Delphi study, 30 physiotherapists were invited and 10 participated in the survey (33% response rate); for the second round, 10 participants were invited to reassess and 9 participated (90% response rate). 80% of the experts had a master's degree and 40% had a doctor's degree. After two rounds, consensus on the questionnaire was obtained. For the cross-sectional study, 4 strategies were used to compose the collection: contribution of two associations for dissemination among members, dissemination on social networks and approach in scientific events. Summing up the strategies, 27 physiotherapists answered the questionnaire. Most had a specialist title as their highest academic degree 51.8% (n=14), had positive attitudes and confidence in their abilities to use the ICF in approaching CrossFit® practitioners. Only one item that assessed the physiotherapists' knowledge had the incorrect item as the most selected item, however, less than 12% of the participants selected the correct item in the two clinical cases. CONCLUSION: An instrument to assess beliefs and attitudes about the use of the ICF by sports and trauma-orthopedic physiotherapists in approaching CrossFit® practitioners was successfully developed. Although they demonstrate positive attitudes and good knowledge in most of the questioned items, there are some limitations in the concept and classification of the ICF domains.