O racismo e a fome nas palavras impossíveis de Carolina Maria de Jesus: considerações sobre o traumático

Abstract

The research we presented here came from the desire to understand the implications of racism and hunger taken in its traumatic character, as well as to investigate the possible destinations for the psychic elaboration of what is left from the shock caused by the violence originated by others. This is a theoretical and biographical research, written in the context of a pandemic by Covid-19 and under all the health, economic and social implications that it precipitated and intensified. Our research revisited the concept of trauma in psychoanalytic theories, especially from the contributions of Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), to whom trauma would be related to the notion of excess, and of Sandór Ferenczi (1873-1933), who conceived trauma from the notions of psychic commotion and denial, therefore, as an event of an intersubjective nature and, in this sense, social.On this journey, we had the company of the writer Carolina Maria de Jesus through her books Quarto de despejo: Diário de uma favelada (1960/2014a) and Diário de Bitita (1986/2014b), where we intend to analyze the subjective destinations of racism and the hunger narrated by her. Thus, the general goal of the research is to investigate the subjective fates of the experiences of racism and hunger, comprehended in their traumatic character, as witnessed by Carolina Maria de Jesus in her books Quarto de Despejo and Diário de Bitita. The specific objectives include: a) revisiting the theme of trauma in psychoanalytic metapsychology; b) investigating the experience of racism, based on the trauma theory, highlighting the dimension of psychic pain; c) analyzing aspects of racism regarding the concept of denial in Ferenczi; d) observing the possibilities and limitations of Carolina's writing as a possible way of inscribing the traumatic stress of racism and hunger, based on the concept of Eu-pele. We consider Carolina's writing a work of a sublimatory nature of a subject committed to her attempt at possible constructions of meanings in the face of the violence suffered. We also emphasizeded that this research obeyed the notion of implicated psychoanalysis, which focuses on the subject regarding social and political phenomena. Finally, it is also a tribute to the black woman and writer Carolina Maria de Jesus that despite the onslaughts of racism in causing the erasure of black men and women from the places of production of national knowledge continues to inspire us with her reflections, beauty and dignity.