Desempenho produtivo do feijão-mungo (Vigna radiata L.) em densidades de plantio

Abstract

Producers constantly seek to maximize the productivity of their crops by adopting technologies and changing their management. One of the practices carried out with this objective is the densification of the plants. The planting density and spacing interfere in the morphological and productive aspects of the plants. For mung bean (Vigna radiata L.), there is a lack of information that helps in the development of the most suitable stand for the culture to maximize its productivity. Based on the above, this study aimed to evaluate the development and productivity of mung bean, as a function of planting density. The experiment was carried out in the didactic vegetable garden of the Department of Plant Science of the Federal University of Ceará and the experimental design used was randomized blocks (DBC), with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were represented by 5 planting densities per linear meter, as follows: T1-10; T2-15; T3-20; T4-25 and T5-30 plants. The variables analyzed were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of flowers, fresh weight, dry weight, number of pods per plant, pod length and diameter, number of grains per pod, grain length and diameter, thousand seed weight, production per plant and hectare, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, CO2 concentration in the substomatic chamber, transpiration rate, ratio between the concentration of CO2 in the substomatic chamber and the concentration of CO2 in the environment, instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation, water use efficiency and instantaneous water use efficiency. Differences were observed for plant height, number of leaves, fresh mass, stomatal conductance, pod diameter, grain length and production per hectare, with the highest results observed in the denser treatments. It is concluded that planting densities between 15 and 30 plants per linear meter, in mung bean cultivation, are more indicated as they result in higher yields.