Benefícios potenciais do uso do Modo Integrado Bicicleta-Ônibus sobre a acessibilidade da população de baixa renda em Fortaleza

Abstract

The Fortaleza low-income population live mainly at the peripheral regions of the city, far from most work places. Due to this, they have low accessibility levels to work. Some studies suggest that the use of the integrated mode bicycle-bus can be an alternative that would reduce accessibility problems, since the combined use is exposed in the literature as a faster and more efficient way to travel than the bus alone. Some studies have already analyzed the benefits of this integrated mode on work accessibility in other cities, concluding that this alternative improves commuting for users, however, the authors of these studies haven’t used indicators that incorporate the utility perceived by the people during such commute. This research aimed to analyze this phenomenon in Fortaleza city, which has different bus and bicycle systems comparing to other cities that have already made these researches. As a result, it was found that integration in Fortaleza has the potential to reduce the low-income population access time to jobs by up to 15 minutes. This research also analyzed factors that impact the accessibility of this population in addition to the access time, estimating the accessibility indicator to bus terminals by Logsum. There was also an increase in accessibility for this indicator. In this evaluation, in relation to the supply, it was found that bike shared systems adds more utility to terminals trip than personally owned bicycles. Regarding demand, it was concluded that women have greater potential to benefit from this combination of modes (bicycle-bus) than men.