Impacto do Biotipo e Fototipo na Variação de Temperatura em Terapias de Fotobiomodulação para lesões cutâneas.

Abstract

As an alternative to therapies used to treat injuries and burns, photobiomodulation uses low- power light emission, in a localized manner, to induce cells to homeostasis. Photobiomodulation

for epithelial lesions is an interesting approach because it is non-invasive, not thermal dependent and without known side effects, provided that managed doses have been recommended by a health professional, after clinical evaluation. One of the risks of this therapy for skin wounds is the elevation of the temperature at the application area, coming from the photoemitter. In general, this therapy has been performed using LASER or LED photo emitters, sources that can generate heat in order to make the treatment unfeasible. As there is still no standardization in the literature on the recommended dosage for each biotype and phototype, we aim to contribute to the understanding of the thermoregulation of epithelial tissue and which factors influence a greater increase in its temperature. We used a LED photoemitter and performed the coverage area experiments and temperature fluctuation analysis. The coverage area experiment was designed to dimension the application area for the LED boards, individually and simultaneously. The temperature fluctuation experiment evaluated whether the tissue heat was local or radiated to the peripheries of the application region. This same experiment was also able to evaluate the temperature fluctuation, using wavelet transform, during applications in a biological tissue simulator and in two biological tissues (ex vivo): pig belly and tilapia fish skin (Oreochromis Niloticus). The use of a biological tissue simulator allowed us to observe that darker phototypes tend to increase the temperature (∆T > 5oC) while the lighter ones raise the temperature more subtly (∆T < 5oC), whereas in biological tissues, it was observed that the heating occurs similarly in both, within a threshold of thermal comfort. Thus, observing that the tilapia fish skin and photobiomodulation have the same purpose for the treatment of skin wounds and knowing that the latter can be performed combined with other therapies, there are indications that these two therapies can work simultaneously, improving the performance of the treatment and increasing its effectiveness.