Aplicação de equações mincerianas em economias com distintos estágios de desenvolvimento usando uma medida alternativa de capital humano

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the determinants of the per capita household income, based upon mincerians’ equations, by contrasting their effects in more and less regions of Brazil, namely the states of Santa Catarina (larger HDI) and Piauí (lower HDI). A proposal contribution of the work is the use of an alternative measure of human capital, which is determined by education and the individuals' health simultaneously, as main inductor of the productivity increase. Specifically, the objective is to show the impact of the decisive factors in the individual income, especially within this new formulation of the human capital, following the theoretical framework of Mincer (1974). The sample was extracted from the National Household Survey (PNAD) of FIBGE, for the years of 1998, 2003/2005. Besides the variable human capital, other individual attributes were analyzed as family condition, age, sex, race and foodaid. The methodology based on estimating mincerian’s equations through the use of instrumental variables with application to Two Stage Least Squares. From the results, it was proven the robustness of this new measure of human capital as well as the theoretical expectation of their effects, once its contribution for the increase of individual earnings in Piauí is superior to the one of Santa Catarina.. The variables race and foodaid did not show significant effects on the variation of earnings in both states for the 1998 survey. On the other hand, as the surveys of 2003/2005 are pooled, these variables were significant and the results pointed that there is earnings differences in favor of male and white individuals in the labor market.