Avaliação econômica de sistema de energia fotovoltaica e eólica em comunidades rurais no estado do Ceará

Abstract

The generation of energy through renewable solar and wind sources plays a prominent role, considering that energy is a basic need for the whole of society, especially for the rural area still lacking this resource. In the State of Ceará, the supply of optional sources of energy to rural communities comes from government programs to ensure access in the most distant locations, especially the State Fund for the Development of Family Agriculture (FEDAF) of the Department of Agrarian Development of the State of Ceará. In this context, the actions of access and use of rural electricity from renewable sources (photovoltaic and wind) were evaluated from the social point of social, regarding the economic or efficiency aspects. Solar systems implanted in analyzed communities generate 9 kW and 225 kW of power per day. In turn, the wind system generates, on average, a surplus of 2,226 kWh/year. The tecnique of investiment analysis and calculation of indicators of net present value, benefit-cost ratio and internal rate of return was applied, based on investments made in 2017, for a planning horizon of 10 years. The systems analyzed proved to be viable for all simulations of discount rates, as well as for the cost of the R$ 0,40/kwh tariff charged by the electricity concessionaire to residential and commercial rural consumers.