Produção de biocimentos de apatitas nanométricas aplicados como sistema de liberação controlada de drogas

Abstract

Calcium phosphate biocements have been object of intense study in recent years due to their potential utility in biomedical applications. They can be used to liberate active substances in the human body, as antibiotic or anticancer drugs. In this work, calcium phosphate biocements under the pure or combined form with calcium sulphate had been investigated as to their potential to liberate ampicillin. Mechanical behavior, the time of handling, pH and the porosity of the biocements were evaluated using samples in the shape of cylinders with 6 mm of height and 12 mm of diameter. Test results were submitted to a statistical treatment to determine whether the arithmetic means of the different additive levels are statistically significant or not. It was demonstrated that the adittion of sulphate to conventional biocement DCPD produces a significant increase in the mechanical resistance. This increase is probably due to the formation of needle-like crystals, that strengthen the crystalline matrix of the biocement. Ampicillin incorporated to the biocements was released in a buffer solution of phosphate (PBS) at the physiological temperature and in different times of immersion. The amounts of drug released were estimated from UV/VIS absorbance measurements of systems (samples) BCF-00 and BCF-10. Comparison of the release profiles indicate that in 120 minutes of experiment 3.85% of the drug were released from sample BCF-10, while sample BCF-00 liberates practically three times as much, that is, 9.37%. This decrease in the release tax probably occurs due to the amount of porosity of the samples.