Formação do biofilme em ferida cutânea e seu comportamento diante das intervenções: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Objective: to identify in the literature the biofilm formation and its behavior when faced with interventions in cutaneous wounds. Methods: an integrative review, carried out in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, La-tin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, EM-BASE, Scopus, The Cochrane Library Collaboration, MEDLINE/PubMed and Science Direct databases, without temporal de-limitation. Nineteen studies were selected. The information was evaluated descriptively, comparing it with the pertinent findings. Results: the sample studies were published in En-glish and included three types of biofilm research: two clini-cal, six in vitro and 11 in vivo (animal). Three themes were included: biofilm model creation (n=4), biofilm assessment (n=3), biofilm behavior before interventions for its manage-ment (n=12). Conclusion: the detrimental effects of biofilm on wound healing have been confirmed. Several interventions were able to reduce and eliminate biofilm in in vitro and in vivo models. Contributions to practice: it was found that cli-nical evaluation of the lesion does not allow the identification of biofilm, even when present; it is below the surface of the lesion. This finding raises reflection on the part of nurses re-garding the interventions adopted for the removal of biofilm.