Planejamento ambiental e geoconservação de cavernas da Amazônia

Abstract

The Amazon region is rich in geomorphological features as result of systemic interaction of nature elements, we can point out the speleological patrimony. The Speleology is an area of study that is dedicated to investigating the nature, genesis and formation processes of natural underground cavities (which include different denominations such as caves, shelters, etc..) and their related features, including even the biological. As an example, this research shows the Altamira-Itaituba Speleological Province (Pará), located in the contact strip of that following geologic domains: Amazonas Sedimentary Basin and of crystalline base of Xingu Complex. The geological structure is sandstones of Maecuru Formation and shale of Curuá Formation. This research is developed from the geoecologic analysis of the landscape of the Speleological Province, though a systemic method. The lack of protected areas in the Province detaches an important concern, since these environments are configured by landforms developed in karst rocks, not carbonate (pseudocarste). Considering that the Speleology is a multiple sense activity (scientific, sports, tourism and socio-cultural), it is necessary to propose an environmental plan combined with the concept of geoconservation. This is a contribution to the speleological research, broadening and deepening the studies focused on the conservation of geological heritage in Amazon.