O uso do laser de baixa potência como tratamento de parestesia do nervo alveolar inferior: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Impaction of third molars, especially mandibular molars, is something quite common in the population and sometimes its removal can lead to complications during the surgery, such as paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve (NAI). The main symptoms pointed out by the individuals are the absence or partial loss of sensation in the affected region, as well as tingling, itching, numbness or burning. The objective was to carry out a literature review on the use of low power laser (LBP) in the treatment of NIHL paresthesia. This is a literature review-type study involving complete scientific articles published from 2011 to 2021. The method included a search strategy, inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, identification of studies and data extraction for evaluation. In the treatment of paresthesia, LBP acts therapeutically on biological systems, providing temporary analgesia, regulating inflammation and promoting biomodulation of cellular responses. In NAI paresthesia, this therapeutic option stimulates cell metabolism, increases local microcirculation and accelerates healing rate. In this situation, the LBP seeks, therefore, to obtain the lost physiological balance. Thus, the infrared laser with a wavelength of 780nm is mainly indicated for having a greater degree of penetration. The important fact is that laser therapy does not prevent the use of other associated treatments, such as the use of vitamin B1, which suggests that isolated or combined treatment should be started as soon as possible. The literature reports that there are several scientific evidences about the advantages and promising results of the use of laser therapy as a treatment and/or complementary therapy for inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia.