Relação entre índice de massa corporal e escala de avaliação da síndrome positiva e negativa em portadores de esquizofrenia atendidos em um serviço especializado

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and degree of symptoms by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in schizophrenic attended in a specialized service in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Methodology: We evaluated 154 patients attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic at a University Hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The variables studied were: weight, height, BMI, presence of comorbidities, previous use of psychoactive substances, antipsychotics and antidepressants and PANSS. Results: The sample consisted mostly in men, 58,4%. The prevalence of comorbidities was 29,9% among patients. Those of higher incidence were dyslipidemia (17,5%) and hypertension (SAH) (11,0%). It was verified that 44,8% of patients had a history of lifetime substance use; 50,6% had use antidepressants and 96,1% used antipsychotics before arriving at the service specialist. According to the BMI 65,58% of patients had excess weight, 31,81% were eutrophic and 2,59% had low weight. There was negative correlation significant between BMI and PANSS positive (r = - 0,171; p = 0,043). It was found association between overweight and diabetes (p = 0,023); and overweight and dyslipidemia (p = 0,030). Conclusion: We can observe that schizophrenic patients constitute a group of nutritional risk. Therefore, it is evident the importance of nutritional care at all stages of treatment.