Design crítico: problematizando corpos femininos de perfis fitness do Instagram em um projeto especulativo

Abstract

This paper aims to understand the role of design as a political agent and its ability to create spaces for discussion about relevant issues in contemporary society; in addition to provoking reflections on the imposition of a female body standard by the profiles of digital influencers fitness of the Instagram through a critical and speculative design project approach (DUNNE and RABY, 2013). Therefore, in order to contextualize the research in question, notions about the consumer society (BAUMAN, 2008) and transesthetic capitalism (LIPOVETSKY and SERROY, 2015) are presented, dialoguing with the concept of beauty standard (WOLF, 1992 ) and a brief history about the social network Instagram. Furthermore, it is discussed about the term design and its notions, debating with authors such as Vilém Flusser (2007) and Bruno Latour (2014), to then present and discuss the role of design as a device (AGAMBEN, 2005) and its potential as a political agent (FRY, 2010). Then, it deepens the knowledge about critical and speculative design, dialoguing with authors such as Lara Machado (2018), Bruno Lorenz (2018), Anthony Dunne and Fiona Raby (2013), among others, in order to understand the capacity of design to generate frictions in the current policy and to provoke debates. Then, it is discussed about the feminine on Instagram and the reinforced body pattern on the social network, bringing authors such as Fernanda Rosa (2018), Gabriela Campos, Hila Faria and Isabela Sartori (2019), Maria Letícia Silva (2018) and Fernanda Romero ( 2018), in addition to presenting syntactic and semantic analyzes of profiles of digital influencers fitness. The research has a qualitative and exploratory content and it uses a methodology adapted from J. J. Garrett (2002) for interface design in its design approach. Finally, from the theoretical study carried out, a critical and speculative design project was proposed, that provokes reflections, questions and draws a parallel between the images and visual discourses shared on Instagram by digital fitness influencers and the reality behind the screens.