Razão e liberdade na filosofia de Herbert Marcuse: os desafios do progresso humano na sociedade industrial avançada

Abstract

This researching on the tought of Herbert Marcuse (1898 – 1979) it’s about philosophical concepts like reason, freedom, human progress, with the aim to indicate ethical reflections that contributes for the discussion about human emancipation in the contemporaneity. Methodological, we decide for the hermeneutical approaching, in other words, we intend to articulate a critical interpretation of theses key-concepts, that involves also some Freudian, Hegelian-Marxists perspectives of Marcuse about the dynamics between individual, society and work. Our dissertation focuses, mainly, in the works Eros and civilization and One-dimensional man, and also, other writings that cross over the thematic axes we are discussing. The starting point of the researching will be the hypothesis that the human history already reached the phase which the science and the technic could be used to promote significant improvements in the living conditions of the entire global population. The central problematic, here, it’s inquire about the objective and subjective factors that put an end to the realization of this historical possibility. In the light of the Marcuse’s philosophy we argue that the work process constitutes an indispensable base for the discovery of the conditions that allow the effectuation of the superior historical phase of Reason and Freedom, since, as central ontological category of social

being, serve as mediation both for the universal satisfaction of vital needs and for the self- fulfillment of individuals. We conclude that, without the emergence of the new subject with

necessities and aspirations that challenges the unidimensional values of advanced industrial society, neither will we overcome the objective and subjective conditions of alienation that have been drew in the contemporary world.